Reformation

Viçose Square
From the first half of the 16th century, the ideas of the Reformation spread in the city, favored by Gérard Roussel, abbot of Clairac. It is said that Calvin visited him. A century later, the Reformed represented 90% of the population, making Clairac a Protestant “place of safety”, besieged by the king and his armies in 1621.
Despite the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685), the Clairacais remained faithful to their faith. In the 1900s, the village had four different temples.
Built in 1853, this temple is the largest in the department, testifying to the importance of the community.

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Plaque affixed in front of the great temple.
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On the current Place Aristide Briand (then called Place du Temple) stood the first temple of Clairac, built at the beginning of the 16th century.
On October 18, 1685, the very day of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, a decision was made: the temple would be demolished. For the next 122 years, Clairac remained – officially – without a Protestant place of worship.
In 1807, a temple was built at the corner of rue Saffin and rue Anatole-Larrat (named on this occasion rue du nouveau Temple).

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The first two temples. Napoleonic cadastre, 1821 © Archives départementales de Lot-et-Garonne.
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In the beginning of the 19th century, Clairac was a very active town, thanks in large part to the river trade. The town was expanding towards the north. The cemetery of the time, being enclosed, had to be transferred to its present location, thus freeing up a vast spacee. Recently deceased in 1815, Guy de Viçose had bequeathed a large sum of money to the commune and it was only natural that the new square should be named after him.

Poorly built and threatening to collapse, the 1807 temple was quickly demolished...
It was replaced in 1824 by a new temple erected on the Place Viçose. But the latter had to be demolished in its turn and, in 1853, the present temple, designed by the Parisian architect Léon Jossier, was built; Emperor Napoleon III participated in its financing, from his personal funds it is said. From then on, one can better understand the local tug-of-war between monarchists, imperialists and republicans, Lutherans and Calvinists...

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The latest addition to this saga, the great temple at Clairac is the largest in the department.
You will find more details in the Proceedings of the symposium of 2 June 2018 “Clairac and the Reformation”.